DataLiteracy

What does NGSS look like in the classroom?

By Stephen Farnum – Middle School Science Teacher, Greenwich Public Schools & Tuva K-12 STEM Content Specialist

When I speak with fellow educators about Next Generation Science Standards, they usually tell me they understand “what” NGSS is, but have concerns about “how?”.

How can I help my students meet these expectations? How does my instruction need to change? How am I going to find resources to help?

Tuva is on a quest to help science educators implement NGSS in their classrooms through our growing library of authentic datasets, interactive graphing tools, and ready-to-use activities and lessons.

One aspect of this is to make it easier for teachers to create their own high-quality, NGSS-aligned lessons.

In support of this, I recently collaborated with them to create Characteristics of an Effective Data-Driven Science Lesson, a checklist for teachers to use while creating or improving data-driven lessons which combine science, math, and problem-solving.

I combined input from the NGSS Science and Engineering Practices as well as what I’ve learned from my students as they have developed their understanding of science and math through data analysis.

Once we completed the checklist, we realized that many teachers would like to see these characteristics of a data-driven science lesson in action.

Exemplar Science Lesson on Tuva

I created a lesson titled “How to Mitigate Hurricane Damage” to show one way of applying these characteristics to create an NGSS-aligned learning activity on Tuva.

I began with NGSS Middle School DCI:

“Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects” (MS-ESS3-2).

I searched the Tuva Datasets library to find a dataset titled – Hurricane Sandy, Her Brother and Sisters – that was relevant to the DCI. The source of the dataset is NOAA’s National Climate Data Center, and it has 654 Data Points (or cases) and 7 Attributes.

I used Tuva’s graphing tools to explore relationships between different attributes. Noticing correlations between hurricane latitude, frequency, and severity, I designed a task that would guide students to investigate these relationships:

“Create an evidence-based proposal for where a new hurricane mitigation structure should be placed”

You can checkout the finished activity here, and feel free to use it in your classroom during your next Earth Science activity!

Tuva NGSS Resources

The ability to easily find and create open-ended and student-centered learning activities shows Tuva’s potential as a tool for aligning K-12 STEM curricula with NGSS.

If NGSS leaves you wondering “how?”, Tuva’s NGSS resources are a great place to start.

How to Starve to Death in One Act: Or, Why we Can’t Function Under the Mantra “I am not a Scientist”

Act 1 Scene 1

If one needs to be an expert in everything to be able to make a decision, a conversation about dinner might go something like this:

Husband: “What do you want to make for dinner?”

Wife: “I don’t know. I’m not a chef. How could I possibly know what to do with this food! What do you want to make?”

Husband: “I’m not a chef either. Since we aren’t chefs, what should we do with all our groceries?

Wife: “I don’t know, I’m not a grocer.”

Hours pass in stumped silence. Groceries begin to spoil as the conversation wears on.

Husband: “I’m really getting hungry; should we go out to eat?”

Wife: “That might work. But I’m not a professional race car driver, so I can’t drive.”

Husband: “Right, me neither.”

Days pass. Groceries rot. Starvation ensues.

The End

At last night’s State of the Union President Obama mercifully addressed the climate change deniers’ beloved cop-out line: “I am not a scientist.” He points to the obvious fact that one does not need to be a scientist to make informed decisions. To make a decision, the President, or anyone, can talk with scientists, examine their data, compare the peer reviewed papers and create educated solutions. In other words, people can and should make decisions based on evidence provided by experts in the field.

This is where the importance of data literacy becomes obvious. An educated person should be able to examine and evaluate scientific data and form an accurate understanding of at least the basic trends.

On a larger level, people must feel comfortable evaluating statements made by their elected representatives and disagreeing when they see flaws in their logic.

All students need to be learning how to have those conversations rather than shrugging off the responsibility of citizenship with the statement “I’m not a scientist”.

Special Lessons for Odd Times

The weeks between Thanksgiving and Winter Break are a challenging time to keep-up student interest and maintain an orderly classroom. I like to take the time to do longer-term in-class projects. It makes these trying weeks special and gives kids an incentive to stay emotionally present in school.

It’s a great time of year to use Tuva regularly. These few weeks are ideal for mini-research projects or statistics based units. You have three weeks for students to dive deeply into various topics, write papers and create presentations. When students are driving their own learning the struggle to keep them engaged dissipates.

Tuva’s new tools allow you to do this with minimal work on your part. We’ve found the data for you. Now you just have to write the questions and get computers into the hands of your kiddies.

If you don’t see a topic you want your students to explore please fill out a dataset request and we will put it together for you as soon as possible.

Beyond the Paper-Hand Turkey

I love the time honored tradition of the Paper-Hand Turkey as much as the next guy (though I’m not sure how much that actually is) but making paper turkeys in and of themselves doesn’t add much value to the lives of students.

Holidays have real histories and real economic ramifications. When planning lessons about Thanksgiving, especially in the age of Backward Design, Purposeful Play and Common Core, we should make sure the goals of our lessons matter.

To help you plan, we’ve composed three ways to teach about Thanksgiving using real world data and that cover meaningful topics.

1. The History

The real story of Thanksgiving is significantly more interesting than the myths and should be part of the American narrative. The Mayflower actually had two types of travelers. Pilgrims moving to the New World to have space to practice their religion in peace and entrepreneurs coming to the New World hoping to make a living.

Use Tuva Labs datasets to explore who was on the Mayflower. Examine the numbers of Pilgrims in relation to everyone else. Look at the numbers of men and women. And discuss the social ramifications behind this combination of travelers. Examine who lived and who died. Ask students to find the correlation between social status and survival. Explore who signed the Mayflower Compact and what that tells us about our roots as a democracy.

Check out the legacy. Examine how many people in the U.S. today can trace their roots back to the Mayflower.

Students can examine the numbers of Native Americans living in New England and their swift and sad decline compared to 1620. This activity can be a cornerstone of your curriculum because it’s a truth you must return to when teaching American History.

2. The Economics of the Thanksgiving Table

Let your students explore the Tuva Labs data set about how much people spend on the holiday and examine if it is worth the expense and why. Explore if dinner has become cheaper or more expensive as the holiday evolves.

3. The Economics of Black Friday

Black Friday is a phenomenon that fascinates my students. Thier conversations vacillate between disbelief coupled with disgust and how much they really do want the new X-Box. A great exercise is to examine how good the savings actually are. Add the savings to it the opportunity cost of waiting in line, giving up Thanksgiving, being cold and uncomfortable and you know, possibly getting trampled by other crazed shoppers. Decide if and when braving the black Friday sales are worth it.

Our Black Friday dataset allows you to examine how many people participate, how much they spend and how those numbers have changed over time. Pose the questions, what direction are we going as a society based on that data? Can we make conclusions based on this?

The history and economics of holidays are always great ways to provide important lessons on played out topics. Not that I don’t love the art of the Paper-Hand Turkey, but there is more to Thanksgiving than that.